U.S.-based solar module manufacturer Heliene and perovskite solar technology company Caelux have begun commercial-scale production of hybrid  tandem solar modules with conversion efficiencies of up to 27% or higher.

The modules are being manufactured at Heliene’s facility in Mountain Iron, Minnesota, and will be available for delivery in 2027.

The companies have entered into a multi-year, multi-gigawatt agreement to commercialize the modules. Heliene has also begun fulfilling an initial industrial-scale commercial order.

The hybrid  tandem modules combine Caelux’s energy-producing glass technology with Heliene’s silicon solar module platform. The technology incorporates two power-generating layers comprising perovskite glass and N-type silicon solar cells.

Caelux’s technology converts the top glass layer of conventional solar modules into an additional power-generating layer. The companies claim that, when combined with compatible silicon solar cells, the technology enables modules to generate up to 20% more energy than conventional N-type silicon solar modules.

The higher energy output per module can reduce the land or rooftop area required to generate an equivalent amount of electricity.

The companies said the technology could increase power generation capacity and reduce costs across residential, commercial, and utility-scale solar installations.

Caelux’s energy producing glass can be integrated into its existing manufacturing lines without requiring an entirely new production setup.

The technology is compatible with multiple solar cell types and industry-standard glass sizes.

Integrating Caelux’s technology into the company’s existing manufacturing infrastructure could allow the two companies to combine their U.S. supply chains.

The companies aim to achieve module conversion efficiencies exceeding 29% by 2028.

Heliene operates two solar module manufacturing facilities in the U.S., with a combined annual production capacity of 1.3 GW.

In August 2026, researchers at the University of Freiburg and the Fraunhofer ISE in Germany built semi-transparent 14.5 x 14.5 cm organic photovoltaic modules with an efficiency of up to 9.26%, using a combination of industrially proven methods of slot-die coating and sputtering. The combination of methods is highly scalable to larger module areas. The organic modules have an average transparency of 43.2%.

The value of crystalline silicon solar module imports into the U.S. fell 78% between the first half (1H) of 2024 and 1H 2026, as trade enforcement measures and domestic manufacturing incentives reshaped the country’s solar supply chain, according to a Crux white paper.